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9K34 Strela-3


NATO: SA-14 Gremlin


Overview


9K34 Strela-3

Left side view of 9P59 gripstock.
Source: www.forum.valka.cz - © copyright lies with original owner

Origin
Soviet Union
Type
Man portable SAM system
Entered service
1974
Status
In service
Development
1972 - 1974
Developer
Soviet Union - KBM Kolomna
Production
1974 - ?
Producer
Soviet Union - KBM Kolomna
Designations
9K34 (GRAU index for system)
9M36 (GRAU index for missile)
Strela 3
Russian for "arrow 3"
SA-14 Gremlin (NATO reporting name)
SA-N-8 (NATO reporting name for naval use)

Description


Introduction

The 9K34 Strela-3 is a late Cold War era man portable SAM system of Soviet origin. In the West it is better known by its NATO designation SA-14 Gremlin. When used aboard ships it is also known as the SA-N-8. The Strela-3 is an improvement over the widely produced 9K32 Strela-2 (SA-7 Grail).

Design

The Strela-3 essentially is a Strela-2 with improved infrared seeker and warhead. As such the overall layout is similar with the seeker in the nose of the missile, followed by the warhead and the rocket motor making up the rear half of the missile. The all new seeker and warhead provide and increased performance but the increased weight reduced the target envelope and agility of the missile. The Strela-3 is fired from a grip stock launcher.

Firepower

The Strela-3 is a supersonic missile with an average maximum speed of about 410 m/s. It can engage near supersonic targets out to 4.1 km or to altitudes of 3 km. The blast fragmentation warhead features a secondary charge to set off any remaining fuel. The new infrared seeker has an increased performance against low altitude targets over land and water and is less easily fooled by flares.

Mobility

The Strela-3 is a very mobile system as the missile and its gripstock launcher are man portable, even over longer ranges. The system is operated by a single person. On a quadruple launcher it can also be found as short range air defense on several types of Soviet naval ships.

Users

The main use of the Strela-3 was in the USSR and Warsaw Pact nations. Additionally large quantities have been exported to nations in Asia, Africa and the Middle East. Due to the advent of the more capable 9K310 Igla-1 and large numbers of Strela-2 already in service the production and export never reached to the quantities of the Strela-2. The Strela-3 remains in service today and has been used in a variety of conflicts.

Variants


9K34 Strela-3

9M36 missile above and 9P59 gripstock below.
Source: Unknown author - © copyright lies with original owner

The Strela-3 is produced only in a single version. The 9K34 system comprises the 9M36 missile, the 9P59 reusable grip stock launcher and a 9P51 battery pack. Late production models are the 9M36-1 missile and 9P59M gripstock launcher. The Strela-3 can be distinguished from the Strela-2 by the ball shaped battery pack.

Details


Facts 9M36
General
Origin
Soviet Union
Type
Surface to air missile
Dimensions
Diameter
72 mm body
Length
1.42 m
Weight
10.3 kg
Gripstock weight
9P59 weighs 5 kg
Guidance
Guidance mode
Single channel passive infra-red homing seeker
Envelope
Receding and approaching targets
Max target speed
310 m/s receding
260 m/s approaching
Warhead
Type
HE-fragmentation
Weight
1.15 kg
Fuze
Impact fuze
Self-destruct time
14 to 17 seconds after launch
Engagement envelope
Propulsion
Single-stage solid propellant rocket motor, plus ejection motor
Speed
470 m/s average
630 m/s maximum
Range
0.5 km minimum
4.5 km maximum
Altitude
30 m minimum
1.8 km maximum vs jets
3.0 km maximum vs slow targets

Media


Related articles


9K32 Strela-2

The Strela-3 is an improved design based on the earlier Strela-2.