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Project 877 Paltus class


NATO: Kilo class


Overview


Project 877 Paltus class

Left side view of Project 877 class diesel-electric submarine B-227 Vyborg.
Source: Vitaly V. Kuzmin - © GNU Attribution Share Alike license

Origin
Soviet Union
Type
Diesel-electric attack submarine
Entered service
1980
Status
In service
Development
1970's
Developer
Soviet Union - Rubin central design bureau
Production
1980 - 1994 (Pr 877)
1984 - 1997 (Pr 877EKM)
Producer
Soviet Union - Krasnoe Sormovo, Nizhny Novgorod
Soviet Union - Komsomolsk-na-Amur
Soviet Union - Admiralty shipyard, St Petersburg
Number produced
22 Project 877
1 Project 877V
1 Project 877E
18 Project 877EKM
1 Project 8773
Designations
Kilo class (NATO reporting name)
Paltus
Russian for "halibut"

Desciption


Introduction

Project 877 Paltus is a class of diesel-electric attack submarines of Soviet origin. In the West these are best known by the NATO reporting name "Kilo class". The Kilo designation also applies to the improved Project 636 Vashavyanka, which is described separately. Project 877 was designed in the 1970's to replace the Project 641B Som (NATO: Tango) class. The Kilo is a great improvement over the previous Tango class, but is considered fairly basic compared to contemporary designs in the West. The new Lada class is destined to complement the Kilo in Russian service.

Layout

Project 877 Paltus is a diesel electric attack submarine. The major improvement over the earlier Tango class is the new low drag shape of its hull. The layout is conventional with the torpedo tubes are at the front, the crew compartment and conning tower in the middle and the engine compartment at the rear. The hull is highly compartmentalized and an excess buoyancy of 32 percent. This allows the Project 877 to survive multiple punctures of the hull. Vertical and horizontal control fins are fitted at the rear. There is no upper vertical fin.

Firepower

Project 877 Paltus has six 533mm torpedo tubes and up to 18 torpedoes can be carried. Various models of Soviet 533mm torpedoes can be launched, including the 53-65 and SET-53. Later versions are also able to launch wire guided torpedoes such as TEST-71 and USET-80. Instead of torpedoes up to 24 mines can also be carried. In Russian service a MANPADS system is carried.

Sensors

Project 877 Paltus is equipped with the MGK-400 (NATO Shark Gill) sonar system that includes the MG-519 Arfa (NATO Mouse Roar) sonar. An MRP-25 (NATO Snoop Tray) surface search radar is also fitted.

Mobility

Project 877 Paltus is fitted with two diesel engines that charge the batteries and provide propulsion under normal circumstances. When submerged below snorting depth an electrical motor is used. A single fixed pitch propeller provides propulsion. The maximum speed is 10 knots at the surface and 17 knots submerged. The maximum depth is 300 m, although a maximum of 240 m is maintained for safety reasons.

Users

The main use of the Kilo class was the USSR and currently is Russia. The Kilo class was exported to several Russian allies with India and China being the major foreign users. The new Lada class attack submarine will complement the Kilo in Russian service. However, Project 636 is expected to remain in production for both domestic use and export.

Details


Facts Project 877 class
General
Origin
Soviet Union
Type
Diesel-electric attack submarine
Complement
60, including 16 officers
Dimensions
Displacement (surface)
2.325 t
Displacement (submerged)
3.075 t
Length
72.6 m at waterline
Beam
9.9 m at water line
12.8 m overall
Draft
6.6 m
Propulsion
Arrangement
Twin diesel, single electric motor
Power source
2x 1.500 kW 4DL-42M diesel
Motor
1x 5.500 hp PG-141 electric motor
2x 150 hp PG-142 auxiliary electric motor
Propulsion
1 shaft, 7 blade propeller
Mobility
Speed (surface)
11 kt
Speed (submerged)
18 kt
Range
6.900 nm at 7 kt using snorkel
400 nm submerged at 3 kt
Depth
240 m operational
300 m maximum
Endurance
45 days
Sensors
Sonar
MGK-400 (Shark Gill)
MG-519 Arfa (Mouse Roar)
Surface search
MRP-25 (Snoop Tray)
Combat data management
MVU-110
Self-defense
ESM
Squish Head
Torpedoes
Tube arrangement
6x 533mm
Weapon types
53-56 torpedo
53-65 torpedo
SET-53 torpedo
TEST-71 torpedo
USET-80 torpedo
MG-74 Korund-2 decoy
Klub-S (for Pr 8773 only)
DM-1 mine
Weapon load
18 weapons, including 6 in tubes
24 mines instead of torpedoes
Surface to air
Type
9K310 Igla-1
Ammunition
8 missiles

Media


Subcomponents


Type 53-65

Standard heavyweight wake homing torpedo for use against surface vessels.

SET-53

Heavyweight torpedo for use against other submarines.

TEST-71

The Project 877 Paltus was one of the first types of submarine to be equipped with the TEST-71 wire guided torpedo.

USET-80

Universal heavyweight torpedo for use against submarines and surface vessels.

Related articles


Project 636 Varshavyanka class

The Project 636 is a modernized variant of the Project 877 Paltus. In the West Project 636 is known as the Improved Kilo class.