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23mm Nudelman-Rikhter NR-23


China: Type 23-1


Overview


NR-23 and N-37

Two 23mm NR-23 autocannon alongside 37mm N-37 as armament of the MiG-15bis fighter aircraft.
Source: Unknown author - © Copyright lies with original owner

Origin
Soviet Union
Type
Autocannon
Entered service
1949
Status
Limited service
Development
1946 - 1951
Developer
Soviet Union - OKB-16 Nudelman design bureau
E.A. Nudelman, A.A. Rikhter
Production
1948 - 1957 (Soviet production)
Producer
Soviet Union - No.2 Degtyarev plant in Kovrov
Soviet Union - No. 525 Metallist-Samara plant in Kuibyshev
China
Number produced
70.383 in the USSR
Designations
Type 23-1 (Chinese service)
Нудельман-Рихтер НР–23

Description


Introduction

The NR-23 is an early Cold War era autocannon of Soviet origin. NR-23 was developed as more reliable and faster firing successor for the earlier NS-23, which it replaced on the production line. The NR-23 design as also scaled up, resulting in the NR-30.

Design

The NR-23 is a further development of the NS-23. Reliability was improved and NR-23 has the ability for either left or right hand feed. The short recoil mechanism was rearranged in order to provide for a higher rate of fire. Barrel length and overall dimensions were kept similar to the NS-23, to allow for easier upgrade of existing MiG-15 and Yak-17 designs.

Firepower

The NR-23 fires the 23x115mm round from a single belt. Cyclic rate of fire is over 800 rpm. Although, some reports indicate rate of fire in practice proved below 700 rpm. Commonly used ammunition types are armor piercing incendiary (API) and high explosive incendiary (HEI) with impact fuse.

Platforms

For a number of years the NR-23 was the main type of cannon armament installed in both fighters and bomber aircraft. The NR-23 was used in later models of the MiG-15 and Yak-17, which used NS-23 earlier.

Details


Facts 23mm NR-23
General
Origin
Soviet Union
Type
Autocannon
Caliber
Caliber
23x115mm Soviet
Feed system
Single belt feed, left or right side
Barrel length
1.450 mm
Muzzle velocity
680 - 700 m/s
Barrel life
6.000 rounds
Operation
Action
Short barrel recoil operated
Rate of fire
800 - 850 rpm as designed
650 to 700 rpm reportedly in practice
Dimensions
Weight
39 kg gun only
Length
2.018 mm
Width
136 mm
Height
165 mm

Media


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Nudelman-Suranov NS-23

The NR-23 was developed as a faster firing and more reliable successor to the NS-23.

23mm Afanasev-Makarov AM-23

The AM-23 was introduced to replace the NR-23 for defensive armament on bombers and transport aircraft. The AM-23 has a shorter barrel and a much higher rate of fire.

23mm Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-23

The GSh-23 twin barrel autocannon is one of the successors of the NR-23. The GSh-23 has a very different operating principle, but uses a second generation range of the same type of ammunition.

30mm Nudelman-Rikhter NR-30

The NR-30 was developed from the NR-23 to replace both 23mm and 37mm armament with a single higher velocity and higher rate of fire autocannon design.